26 Best Castles in Austria is renowned for its majestic mountains, which are adorned with magnificent castles. These castles are not only imposing and impressive, but also virtually impenetrable. In fact, some of them were so well-built that invaders could only conquer them by starving the occupants into submission.
The castles in Austria possess an enchanting allure, resembling something out of a fairy tale. Perched atop the highest hills in the region, they provided soldiers with a strategic advantage, allowing them to survey the valleys and detect any approaching invaders. These castles stand out amidst a lush forest of verdant trees. Their sheer size and construction from white or light-colored stone make them visible from miles away.
Austria boasts numerous castles scattered across the country. Although a significant number can be found in Lower Austria, travelers are likely to come across one no matter where they go in this Alpine nation, be it Vienna, Salzburg, or beyond.
During medieval times, many of these castles were commissioned by Catholic archbishops as defensive structures against invaders, giving them a more fortress-like appearance rather than that of traditional castles. These castles often changed hands multiple times, depending on the prevailing invader, before eventually coming under state ownership. Presently, some castles remain in private ownership.
Exploring these castles, with the magnificent Alps serving as a backdrop, will undoubtedly evoke melodies such as “Edelweiss” or “Climb Ev’ry Mountain” from The Sound of Music, the renowned film shot in Austria.
Rosenburg Castle [SEE MAP]
Rosenburg, situated in Lower Austria, underwent a remarkable transformation from a medieval fortress to a Renaissance castle. Its origins can be traced back to the 12th century, when it stood as a Romanesque edifice. Presently, the castle offers an immersive experience to its visitors, as costumed personnel engage with falcons and organize captivating medieval tournaments.
Schallaburg Castle
Schallaburg Castle, located in Austria, is widely regarded as one of the most exquisite Renaissance castles in the northern region of the Alps. With its origins dating back to the 11th century, it stands as one of Austria’s oldest and most well-preserved residences. In the 15th century, a magnificent three-wing Renaissance castle was constructed, further enhancing its grandeur. The castle’s arcade boasts an impressive collection of approximately 1,600 terracotta sculptures, depicting captivating mythological scenes. Visitors often indulge in the delightful pastime of picnicking amidst the castle’s picturesque grounds, appreciating the cultural significance of this remarkable gem.
Seebenstein Castle
Seebenstein Castle, located south of Vienna, is a fortified castle that dates back to the 12th century. Throughout the centuries, it has been owned by various individuals and families. The Princes of Lichtenstein were once its owners, but today it is privately owned by a family who generously opens it to the public on weekends. The castle boasts antique furnishings, stunning stained glass windows, and a unique collection of children’s armor.
Burg Mauterndorf
Burg Mauterndorf, located in a picturesque environment, features a striking three-level defense tower that was initially constructed as a toll and tax office during the 13th century. The fortress is enclosed by two circular walls that served as a barrier for travelers who refused to pay tolls. The chapel of Burg Mauterndorf, which is currently owned by Salzburg Province, is renowned for its frescoes from the 14th century.
Moosham Castle
Moosham Castle, renowned as one of Europe’s most haunted castles, is a must-visit for avid believers in ghosts and witchcraft. This ancient fortress, dating back to the 11th century, witnessed numerous witch beheadings and the persecution of thousands accused of practicing witchcraft. Legends suggest that the spirits of these witches, along with werewolves, still linger within the castle’s walls. Today, Moosham Castle, also referred to as Witches Castle, stands as a museum in the Salzburg area.
Riegersburg Castle
Unlike other Austrian castles, Riegersburg Castle has a distinct association with influential women rather than men. Despite being constructed by a knight on a dormant volcano in the 12th century, it was later acquired by a baroness in the 17th century who expanded it to 108 rooms and five gates. The castle can be accessed by a steep forest road.
Heinfels Castle
In the past, Heinfels Castle was known as Hunnenfels Castle due to its construction by the Huns during the 13th century. Situated in the Tyrol region, Heinfels Castle served as a stronghold that was targeted by soldiers aiming to challenge Catholic authority in Austria. According to legend, a hidden treasure awaits discovery within the underground passage leading to the castle. Presently, visitors can only explore the exterior of the castle, as the interior is currently undergoing restoration.
Kufstein Fortress
Kufstein Fortress stands as the primary highlight for tourists in Kufstein, a city located in the Tyrol region of Austria. Throughout history, it has been under the ownership of various empires, with the Austro-Hungarian empire utilizing it as a prison for those who opposed their political ideologies. Presently, the fortress serves as a museum and hosts concerts and an annual summer operetta. To reach the fortress, visitors can take a gondola ride from the city center. Notably, it is also renowned for housing the world’s largest outdoor organ.
Hohensalzburg Castle
Hohensalzburg Castle is Europe’s largest fortress and is widely regarded as the most stunning. It outshines all other castles in the area. The castle, which sits atop a hill and overlooks the city of Salzburg, has never been conquered, proving its effectiveness. Despite being built in the 11th century, the castle’s exterior remains largely unchanged. Today, it serves as a concert hall and event venue, in addition to its historical significance.
Laudegg Castle
Laudegg Castle, situated on an ancient Roman road in Ladis, Tyrol, was once a guard tower. Serving as the administrative center of the royal court until the 16th century, it later transformed into an arms depot and prison, gradually falling into disrepair. However, in the 20th century, restoration initiatives were initiated. Presently, the castle is privately owned and open for visitation once a week during the summer season.
Forchtenstein Castle
Forchtenstein Castle stands tall amidst the foothills of the Rosaliengebirge mountain range. Unlike other fortresses in the region, it remained unconquered during the Turkish Wars, serving as a safe haven for the valuable possessions of the Esterházy family. Even today, visitors can marvel at the impressive collection of family treasures that are on display within its walls.
Burg Griffen
The castle of Burg Griffen is situated atop a limestone mountain that stands 130 meters (427 feet) tall, overlooking the town of Griffen in Carinthia. Its construction was commissioned by Bishop Otto of Bamberg and took place between 1124 and 1146. In the 16th century, the castle underwent significant reconstruction to safeguard against potential attacks from the Ottoman forces, although Griffen was never besieged by the Turks.
Hardegg Castle
In 1188, the founder of Hardegg Castle constructed the fortress on the banks of the River Thaya, near the border of the present-day Czech Republic. He assumed the name and title of Count Hardegg. Ownership of the castle later passed to the Habsburgs. In 1495, Emperor Maximilian I sold the castle to Heinrich Prueschenk, a nobleman from Styria and a direct ancestor of the current Count Maximilian Hardegg. This sale marked a significant moment in the castle’s history.
Landskron Castle
The Ossiach Tauern mountains in northeast Villach is where the ruined castle of Landskron can be found. During the Middle Ages, this castle was a significant stronghold of the Habsburgs in Carinthia. In the 16th century, it was taken over by the Khevenhüllers, who documented the castle’s grandeur during their time there. However, the castle was abandoned during the Thirty Years War. Unfortunately, in 1812, a lightning strike caused a fire that destroyed the remaining interiors and roof.
Burg Petersberg
Burg Petersberg, a castle in ruins, is located above Friesach, the oldest town in Carinthia. Archbishop Gebhard of Salzburg had the castle constructed in 1076 to block Emperor Henry IV’s passage across the Alps. King Conrad III of Germany stayed at the castle in 1149 on his return from the Second Crusade, as did Richard the Lionheart after the Third Crusade in 1192.
Burg Heidenreichstein
Heidenreichstein, regarded as Austria’s most exquisite moated castle, was constructed on a hilltop during the late 12th and early 13th centuries. Subsequently, it underwent renovations in the 15th and 16th centuries. This magnificent castle consists of four wings adorned with three circular corner towers. Originally owned by the Palffy family, it is currently the residence of Count Kinsky, who resides here permanently.
Hohenwerfen Castle
Hohenwerfen Castle is a remarkable white structure that stands out amidst the lush green trees of Werfen, with the stunning Austrian Alps as its backdrop. This castle, which dates back to the 11th century, was constructed to safeguard the Archbishopric of Salzburg from invaders. Over the years, it has served various purposes, including as a residence, hunting lodge, prison, and police academy. Interestingly, the castle may look familiar to some as it was featured in the classic movie, The Sound of Music, during the iconic scene where the children sing “Do Re Mi.”
Kreuzenstein Castle
The Kreuzenstein Castle stands proudly atop a forested hill, providing a commanding view of the village of Leobendorf near Vienna. This magnificent edifice, constructed in the 19th century, is a remarkable amalgamation of medieval architectural elements sourced from various parts of Europe. Count Nepomuk Wilczek undertook the ambitious task of erecting this grand structure between 1879 and 1908, with the intention of showcasing his extensive collection of late-Gothic art and armor. It is worth noting that the castle was built on the grounds of a previously demolished fortress, adding to its historical significance.
Burgruine Gallenstein
Burgruine Gallenstein, situated in the Carinthia region of Austria, is a medieval castle that dates back to 1278. It was a mighty fortress that remained unconquered during its time. Although only the ruins of the castle exist today, they still provide a fascinating insight into the past with their grand walls and towers. Visitors can explore the castle ruins, which are open to the public, and enjoy breathtaking views of the picturesque surroundings.
Liechtenstein Castle
The Liechtenstein Castle can be found in Lower Austria, situated on the southern periphery of the Vienna Woods. Constructed in the 12th century, the castle suffered destruction at the hands of the Ottomans in 1529 and 1683, leaving it in ruins until the 19th century when it underwent reconstruction. Notably, a portion of the ’90s rendition of the movie “Three Musketeers” was filmed in the vicinity of this castle.
Herberstein Castle
Situated atop a precipitous cliff overlooking the Feistritz ravine, Herberstein castle presents itself as a picturesque scene from a storybook. Shielded by the towering trees of its elevated surroundings, the castle remained safeguarded against potential invaders. With a rich history spanning 700 years, this architectural marvel seamlessly blends three distinct styles – Gothic, Renaissance, and Baroque. Visitors to the castle are treated to guided tours of select areas, as well as the opportunity to explore the enchanting historic gardens, the zoo, and the Gironcoli Museum.
Burg Neuhaus
The tower of Neuhaus Castle is the only visible part from the valley floor, making the rest of the castle almost invisible. Its construction dates back to the 13th century and it is believed to have been built as a border fortress for the Counts of Tyrol, serving as a refuge from the Counts of Bolzano.
Burg Clam
Burg Clam, constructed in 1149 by Otto von Machland, the owner of Upper Austria, originally comprised of two towers and served as a fortress. Throughout the tumultuous 30 year war, the Clam family maintained their own private army to safeguard the castle. Despite numerous sieges, the castle remained impregnable, as no enemy forces were able to successfully seize it.
Burg Rappottenstein
Burg Rappottenstein, a formidable fortress situated on a rocky perch overlooking the Little Kamp Valley in Lower Austria, serves as a safeguard against Bohemian invasions. This Romanesque stronghold boasts intricate fortifications comprising of five towers and six gateways. Over time, Gothic and Renaissance elements were incorporated into the castle’s design, resulting in a multi-tiered structure. Within the grand hall and archive, one can discover sixteenth-century frescoes depicting scenes from court life.
Hochosterwitz Castle
Hochosterwitz Castle, located in Carinthia, is a must-visit destination for anyone who appreciates stunning views and medieval architecture. Perched atop a limestone rock, the castle provides a panoramic 360-degree view of the surrounding terrain. On clear days, the castle can be seen from miles away, making it a true landmark of the region. With its 14 gates, visitors can walk through the castle and experience its rich history firsthand. It’s no wonder that Hochosterwitz Castle is considered one of Austria’s most impressive medieval castles.
Aggstein Castle is one of the 26 Best Castles in Austria
Perched on a hill with a commanding view of the Danube River, Aggstein Castle evokes the enchanting imagery of a fairy tale stronghold, where a gallant prince rushes to rescue his beloved princess. Constructed during the 12th century, this majestic fortress endured multiple sieges and devastations at the hands of invaders. It suffered periods of neglect and decay on several occasions. The most recent restoration efforts took place in the early 2000s.
